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AfCFTA：WEFは、世界最大の自由貿易地域のメリットを強調しています

# AfCFTA：WEFは、世界最大の自由貿易地域のメリットを強調しています

Spoor＆Fisher
- 172 2021年2月

### 2021年1月1日に発効したアフリカ大陸自由貿易地域（AfCFTA）は、多くのニュースで取り上げられています。

世界経済フォーラム（WEF）は、「アフリカの新しい自由貿易地域が世界的なゲームチェンジャーである6つの理由」というタイトルの記事を公開しました。

WEFは、AfCFTAを加盟国の観点から世界最大の自由貿易地域と表現しています（55）。これは、GDPの合計が$3.4兆米ドルの大陸で13億人を結ぶ地域です。 AfCFTAの可能性は、アジアの59%およびヨーロッパの68%と比較して、現在アフリカの輸出の17%のみが大陸内にあるという事実にあります。 AfCFTAは、90%の関税を撤廃し、商品の自由な移動を伴う単一の市場を創出することを目指しています。

WEFは、AfCFTAの利点を次のように説明しています。

1. 賃金の伸びを加速させることにより、2035年までに3000万人を貧困から救うでしょう。

2. それは、輸出の多様化、成長の加速、アフリカの世界経済への統合、外国直接投資の増加、雇用機会と収入の増加など、さまざまな前向きな経済的成果を生み出します。

3. アフリカの女性は恩恵を受けるでしょう。現在、アフリカの非公式の国境を越えた貿易業者の70%は女性です。関税引き下げにより、これらの女性は正式な経路を通じて活動できるようになり、保護が強化されます。

4. 貿易の完全性が強化されます。 WEFは、貿易の完全性を「合法で透明性があり、適切な価格の国際貿易取引」と定義しています。

5. AfCFTAは、各国が「より良く再構築」し、COVID-19の影響を緩和するための短期的な機会を提供します。

6. AfCFTAは世界の模範となるでしょう。世界の多くがグローバルな協力から離れるにつれて、大陸全体の関係を深める貿易協定が刺激されます。

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