--- title: "Copyright reform takes one tentative step forward, and several back" description: "Proposed amendments to South Africa’s Copyright Act of 1978 have been underway for several years, with the first draft of the Copyright..." image: https://spoor.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Electronics-IT-and-Software.jpg canonical: https://spoor.com/zh/copyright-reform-takes-one-tentative-step-forward-and-several-more-back/ url: https://spoor.getmd.ai/zh/copyright-reform-takes-one-tentative-step-forward-and-several-more-back/.md last_converted: 2026-09-22T22:23:08.406Z --- ```json { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@graph": [ { "@type": "Article", "@id": "https://spoor.com/copyright-reform-takes-one-tentative-step-forward-and-several-more-back/#article", "isPartOf": { "@id": "https://spoor.com/copyright-reform-takes-one-tentative-step-forward-and-several-more-back/" }, "author": { "name": "Herman Blignaut", "@id": "https://spoor.com/#/schema/person/55d9c8304ede82e89616fd9977f00f0f" }, "headline": "Copyright reform takes one tentative step forward, and several more back", "datePublished": "2020-06-23T09:21:17+00:00", "dateModified": "2025-01-14T20:14:13+00:00", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@id": "https://spoor.com/copyright-reform-takes-one-tentative-step-forward-and-several-more-back/" }, "wordCount": 819, "commentCount": 0, "publisher": { "@id": "https://spoor.com/#organization" }, "image": { "@id": "https://spoor.com/copyright-reform-takes-one-tentative-step-forward-and-several-more-back/#primaryimage" }, "thumbnailUrl": "https://spoor.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Electronics-IT-and-Software.jpg", "articleSection": [ "News Update" ], "inLanguage": "zh-Hans", "potentialAction": [ { "@type": "CommentAction", "name": "Comment", "target": [ "https://spoor.com/copyright-reform-takes-one-tentative-step-forward-and-several-more-back/#respond" ] } ] }, { "@type": "WebPage", "@id": "https://spoor.com/copyright-reform-takes-one-tentative-step-forward-and-several-more-back/", "url": "https://spoor.com/copyright-reform-takes-one-tentative-step-forward-and-several-more-back/", "name": "Copyright reform takes one tentative step forward, and several back", "isPartOf": { "@id": "https://spoor.com/#website" }, "primaryImageOfPage": { "@id": "https://spoor.com/copyright-reform-takes-one-tentative-step-forward-and-several-more-back/#primaryimage" }, "image": { "@id": "https://spoor.com/copyright-reform-takes-one-tentative-step-forward-and-several-more-back/#primaryimage" }, "thumbnailUrl": "https://spoor.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Electronics-IT-and-Software.jpg", "datePublished": "2020-06-23T09:21:17+00:00", "dateModified": "2025-01-14T20:14:13+00:00", "description": "Proposed amendments to South Africa’s Copyright Act of 1978 have been underway for several years, with the first draft of the Copyright...", "breadcrumb": { "@id": "https://spoor.com/copyright-reform-takes-one-tentative-step-forward-and-several-more-back/#breadcrumb" }, "inLanguage": "zh-Hans", "potentialAction": [ { "@type": "ReadAction", "target": [ "https://spoor.com/copyright-reform-takes-one-tentative-step-forward-and-several-more-back/" ] } ] }, { "@type": "ImageObject", "inLanguage": "zh-Hans", "@id": "https://spoor.com/copyright-reform-takes-one-tentative-step-forward-and-several-more-back/#primaryimage", "url": "https://spoor.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Electronics-IT-and-Software.jpg", "contentUrl": "https://spoor.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Electronics-IT-and-Software.jpg", "width": 1400, "height": 250, "caption": "Automotive Engineer Working on Electric Car Chassis Platform, Using Augmented Reality Headset. In Innovation Laboratory Facility Concept Vehicle Frame Includes Wheels, Suspension, Engine and Battery." }, { "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "@id": "https://spoor.com/copyright-reform-takes-one-tentative-step-forward-and-several-more-back/#breadcrumb", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "Home", "item": "https://spoor.com/" }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "Copyright reform takes one tentative step forward, and several more back" } ] }, { "@type": "WebSite", "@id": "https://spoor.com/#website", "url": "https://spoor.com/", "name": "Spoor & Fisher", "description": "", "publisher": { "@id": "https://spoor.com/#organization" }, "potentialAction": [ { "@type": "SearchAction", "target": { "@type": "EntryPoint", "urlTemplate": "https://spoor.com/?s={search_term_string}" }, "query-input": { "@type": "PropertyValueSpecification", "valueRequired": true, "valueName": "search_term_string" } } ], "inLanguage": "zh-Hans" }, { "@type": "Organization", "@id": "https://spoor.com/#organization", "name": "Spoor & Fisher", "url": "https://spoor.com/", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "inLanguage": "zh-Hans", "@id": "https://spoor.com/#/schema/logo/image/", "url": "https://spoor.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/200210-SP-Logo_RGB-01-screen-scaled.jpg", "contentUrl": "https://spoor.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/200210-SP-Logo_RGB-01-screen-scaled.jpg", "width": 2560, "height": 813, "caption": "Spoor & Fisher" }, "image": { "@id": "https://spoor.com/#/schema/logo/image/" }, "sameAs": [ "https://www.facebook.com/spoorfisher/", "https://x.com/spoorfisher" ] }, { "@type": "Person", "@id": "https://spoor.com/#/schema/person/55d9c8304ede82e89616fd9977f00f0f", "name": "Herman Blignaut", "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "inLanguage": "zh-Hans", "@id": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4cd39f24afd46402c3d9e5a129665c8c447e9e485bec97193e9e3efd55303cd1?s=96&d=mm&r=g", "url": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4cd39f24afd46402c3d9e5a129665c8c447e9e485bec97193e9e3efd55303cd1?s=96&d=mm&r=g", "contentUrl": "https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/4cd39f24afd46402c3d9e5a129665c8c447e9e485bec97193e9e3efd55303cd1?s=96&d=mm&r=g", "caption": "Herman Blignaut" } } ] } ``` [家](https://spoor.com) › [知识中心](https://spoor.com/knowledge-centre/) › [法律更新/](https://spoor.com/zh/knowledge-centre/legal-updates/) › 版权改革试探性地向前迈出一步，又向后退了几步 # 版权改革试探性地向前迈出一步，又向后退了几步 赫尔曼·布利诺 - 23 6 月 2020 ## 版权修正法案和表演者保护修正法案的更新 南非 1978 年版权法的拟议修正案已经进行了几年，版权修正案草案的初稿于 2015 年 7 月发布以征询公众意见。然而，评论员对其提出严厉批评，声称该法案起草不当，并且有些情况是无法理解的。更令人担忧的是，该法案在法律上经常出错，很少考虑版权法的基本原则。 除了内容之外，该法案还因其在议会中的通过管理不善而受到批评。例如，国民议会 (NA) 于 2018 年 12 月 5 日通过了该法案，并将其提交给全国省议会 (NCOP)。 2019 年 3 月 28 日，该法案获得 NCOP 批准并送交总统批准和签署生效。但该法案的第四版于 2019 年 2 月发布以征询公众意见，此时很明显 NA 和 NCOP 并未考虑和/或批准同一版本。 在后台，有人向总统发出绝望的呼吁 *不是* 将该法案签署为法律，但将其送回议会进行严格审查。包括艺术家和作曲家在内的有关各方继续反对该法案的部分内容；值得注意的是，通过采用“合理使用”而适用的广泛例外。令人担忧的是，有争议的合理使用条款将允许第三方利用受保护的作品而无需对其所有者进行补偿。 事实上，这种担忧是如此之大，以至于据报道，国际知识产权联盟已经游说美国政府重新考虑南非的优惠贸易准入，这可能会威胁到数十亿兰特的出口和就业机会。 在法案提交总统批准并签署成为法律大约 15 个月后，总统办公室于 2020 年 6 月 16 日发出一封信，其中总统将法案提交给议会。他要求 NA 重新考虑他们，以便“他们的目标可以迅速实现，而不会面临任何宪法挑战的风险”。 鉴于对法案的批评，总统的决定值得欢迎。他指出，虽然提交的意见主要与版权法案的合宪性有关，但对表演者保护修正案提出了类似的担忧，“该法案通过交叉引用纳入了版权法案的条款”。 至少在目前的形式中，相应的法案似乎不在讨论范围之内。 总统将这些法案提交给 NA 引起了对其某些条款的合宪性和所遵循的立法程序的担忧，包括： 1. **“错误标记”**– 虽然这些法案是根据《宪法》第 75 条制定的，但本应根据第 76 条对其进行处理。它们被错误地“标记”为不影响各省的普通法案，但 NCOP 应该对它们进行投票总统说，因为它们影响了艺术家本土作品的贸易。总统承认，我们的法院已经搁置了许多法规，因为它们的标签不正确，即使它们的内容通过了宪法审查。 2. **追溯性和任意剥夺财产** – 条例草案的某些条文被发现具有这样的效果，即在没有充分理由的情况下，它们将赋予版权所有者比以前更少的财产成果份额。 3. **合理使用**– 在 2017 年 8 月举行的公开听证会之后，对该法案的各个部分进行了重大修订，包括有争议的合理使用条款。在该法案的最终版本发布之前，这些内容并未公开征求公众意见。总统认为，该法案的特定部分对整个计划至关重要，未能就修正案征求公众意见可能会使这些规定在宪法上无效。 4. **不允许将立法权授予部长**– 该法案的某些条款赋予部长很大的自由裁量权。总统认为，这可能构成不允许的立法权力下放，应授予整个议会。 5. **国际条约的影响** – 法案寻求使国家立法与南非已经审查并正在加入的国际条约保持一致。总统对这些法案是否符合某些国际条约表示保留，现在必须特别注意议会重新考虑这些法案是否违背南非的国际法义务。 南非版权改革在过去十年中一直在进行中。令人遗憾的是，尽管很早就提出了合理的担忧，但法案仍然如此。虽然将他们提交回议会是值得欢迎的，但结果是，在重要更新早就应该进行的情况下，预计会出现进一步的实质性延误。