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卢旺达：修改知识产权法的提案 

# 卢旺达：修改知识产权法的提案

苏梅特
- 8 7 月 2021

据《新时代》*报道，议会委员会正在审议知识产权法草案。提案范围广泛：

**专利**

*临时专利说明书。*有一项提案允许提交临时专利说明书以确保提交日期。专利权人将有一段时间来确定发明的细节，并在提交完整的申请之前进行改进和修改。这似乎旨在帮助手段有限的发明者。

*药品专利保护。*迄今为止，药品已被排除在专利保护之外——这是根据 TRIPS 向最不发达国家 (LDC) 提供的灵活性进行的。然而，该法律草案建议将药品纳入专利保护范围，而排除情况则由主管卫生部长决定。

*专利异议程序。*目前只有反对商标申请的规定。这种想法是，应该对包括专利在内的所有知识产权权利作出授权前异议的规定。其理由是，受影响的各方不应需要诉诸昂贵的法庭程序来取消权利。

**布图设计注册**

*维修费。*法律草案建议从首次开发或申请之日起五年内支付维护费，以较早者为准。

**版权**

*摄影作品。*目前没有对摄影作品的保护。法律草案纠正了这一点。

*孤儿作品。*该法律草案规定了孤儿作品的许可制度，该制度要求潜在的被许可人做出合理的努力来找到所有者。

**传统知识和文化表现形式**

*保护。*该法案提议对传统知识进行特殊保护，并通过版权法保护文化表现形式。

**一般事项**

*知识产权公开*.当局认为应该公布所有知识产权，以确保利益相关方可以进行干预——迄今为止，只公布了商标申请。与国防和安全有关的发明将被排除在公开要求之外。

*处罚*.侵犯知识产权的行为将受到更严厉的处罚。因此，例如，盗窃或欺诈性使用配方或发明可能会导致三到五年的监禁以及巨额罚款。

*IP 管理的集中化*.该计划是将所有知识产权和相关事务的管理委托给一个单一的机构——知识产权局。目前，管理机构分布在多个机构。

我们将报告进一步的发展。

##### *https://www.newtimes.co.rw/news/10-key-proposals-draft-intellectual-property-law

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